Seattle, Washington Frost Dates, Growing Season & Hardiness Zone

Frost odds and planting zone for Seattle for the 2027 season, based on 1991–2020 normals.

Last frost date

Mar 8

typical (50% chance of a later 32°F night)

Safer date: Mar 29 (10% risk)

First fall frost

Nov 23

typical (50% chance it has happened by then)

Early-risk date: Nov 4 (10%)

Growing season

259 days

typical frost-free (32°F) season

Short year: 231 days (1 year in 10 is shorter)

USDA hardiness zone

9a

2023 map: 20 to 25°F average coldest night

2012 map: 8b (most of the city)

Across the metro, the typical last frost runs from Mar 2 (Seattle Tacoma International Airport) to Apr 20 (Landsburg), depending on where you live.

By Mar 8, half of years have seen their last 32°F night. A later freeze, after Mar 29, happens in 1 year out of 10.

Based on NOAA station Seattle Sand Point (USW00094290), 6.5 mi NE, elevation 60 ft (−84 ft vs. city center). Confidence: High.

When is the last frost in Seattle?

Expect the last 32°F night by Mar 8 in a typical year; 1 year in 10 still freezes after Mar 29. Cold 36°F nights (frost possible on plants) typically last longer, until around Apr 4. Hard freezes (28°F) typically end sooner, around Feb 11.

Seattle has a long late-frost tail: 21 days separate the typical date (Mar 8) from the safer 1-in-10 date (Mar 29). If tender plants go out early, be ready to protect them on cold nights.

The typical last 36°F night (frost possible on plants in low spots) comes around Apr 4, 27 days after the typical last 32°F night. On clear, calm nights, frost can form on leaves even when the thermometer reads above freezing.

Last spring frost: date after which there is a 10/30/50/90% chance of another night at or below the threshold
Threshold10% (safer)30%50% (typical)90% (early)
36°F (frost possible on plants)Apr 26Apr 12Apr 4Mar 17
32°F freezeMar 29Mar 16Mar 8Feb 13
28°F hard freezeMar 1Feb 21Feb 11Dec 27
All probabilities (10–90%)
Last spring frost, all NOAA probability levels
Threshold10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°F (frost possible on plants)Apr 26Apr 18Apr 12Apr 7Apr 4Apr 1Mar 28Mar 23Mar 17
32°F freezeMar 29Mar 21Mar 16Mar 11Mar 8Mar 3Feb 27Feb 23Feb 13
28°F hard freezeMar 1Feb 25Feb 21Feb 16Feb 11Feb 2Jan 24Jan 9Dec 27

Is it too early to plant in Seattle?

Before Mar 8 the odds of another 32°F night are better than even; after Mar 29 they are about 1 in 10 or less.

Today's risk is computed in your browser from the same NOAA probability table, shown as the range between the two nearest NOAA probability levels.

When is the first frost in Seattle?

Half of years get their first 32°F night by Nov 23. In 1 year out of 10, it arrives as early as Nov 4. The first 36°F night (frost possible on plants) typically comes around Nov 5, and the first 28°F hard freeze around Dec 11.

For fall crops, count back from Nov 23, or from Nov 4 to be safe. Our planting calendar does the math for each crop.

First fall frost: date by which there is a 10/30/50/90% chance the first night at or below the threshold has happened
Threshold10% (early)30%50% (typical)90% (late)
36°F (frost possible on plants)Oct 24Oct 31Nov 5Nov 22
32°F freezeNov 4Nov 15Nov 23Dec 16
28°F hard freezeNov 17Dec 1Dec 11Jan 17
All probabilities (10–90%)
First fall frost, all NOAA probability levels
Threshold10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°F (frost possible on plants)Oct 24Oct 28Oct 31Nov 2Nov 5Nov 8Nov 12Nov 16Nov 22
32°F freezeNov 4Nov 10Nov 15Nov 19Nov 23Nov 27Dec 1Dec 6Dec 16
28°F hard freezeNov 17Nov 25Dec 1Dec 5Dec 11Dec 16Dec 24Jan 1Jan 17

How long is Seattle's growing season?

A typical year in Seattle has 259 days between the last spring and first fall 32°F nights. In about 1 year in 10, there are fewer than 231 days.

A season this long leaves room for two rounds of many crops, one in spring and one for fall.

Growing degree days measure the heat available for crops to grow. The station averages 2,207 a year (base 50°F).

Frost-free season length: chance the season is at least this long
Threshold10% (long year)50% (typical)90% (short year)
36°F (frost possible on plants)237 days215 days191 days
32°F freeze289 days259 days231 days
28°F hard freeze348 days308 days273 days

How does Seattle's season compare?

Among the 56 U.S. cities with frost dates on this site, the typical frost-free season here is longer than in 40 of them and shorter than in 15.

Growing degree days (base 50°F)

Annual normal: 2,207 GDD (NOAA flag S, 28 years). Running total by the end of each month (sum of NOAA daily GDD normals, so the year-end total can differ slightly from the annual normal):

Cumulative GDD base 50°F at Seattle Sand Point
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
3623863006441,1551,6842,0512,1842,2032,206

What growing zone is Seattle? (USDA 2023)

On the 2023 USDA map, Seattle is zone 9a (20 to 25°F average coldest winter night). On the 2012 map, most of the city was 8b. Of the 32 city ZIPs listed in both tables, 32 moved up half a zone.

Seattle ZIP codes: USDA zone 2023 vs 2012 (PRISM/OSU ZIP tables). “Mostly in city” = at least half the ZIP's land is inside the city limits (Census 2020).
ZIP20232012ChangeShare of ZIP in Seattle
98101 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98102 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98103 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98104 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98105 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98106 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 94%
98107 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98108 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 82%
98109 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98112 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98115 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98116 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98117 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98118 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98119 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98121 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98122 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98125 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98126 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 98%
98133 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 42%
98134 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98136 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98144 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98146 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 20%
98154 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98155 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 0%
98164 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98174 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98177 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 39%
98178 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 22%
98195 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
98199 mostly in city 9a8b +1 half zone (warmer) 100%
Other ZIPs touching Seattle and PO-box ZIPs

ZIPs outside the 981 prefix that overlap the city boundary:

  • none

PO-box and single-address 981xx ZIPs have no Census area, so we cannot tell which city they serve: 98110 (9a/8b), 98111 (9a/8b), 98113 (9a/8b), 98114 (9a/8b), 98124 (9a/8b), 98127 (9a/8b), 98129 (9a/8b), 98131 (9a/8b), 98138 (9a/8b), 98139 (9a/8b), 98141 (9a/8b), 98145 (9a/8b), 98148 (9a/8b), 98158 (9a/8b), 98160 (9a/8b), 98161 (9a/8b), 98165 (9a/8b), 98166 (9a/8b), 98168 (9a/8b), 98170 (9a/8b), 98175 (9a/8b), 98181 (9a/8b), 98185 (9a/8b), 98188 (9a/8b), 98190 (9a/8b), 98191 (9a/8b), 98194 (9a/8b), 98198 (9a/8b) (2023/2012).

Zones: PRISM Group, Oregon State University, https://prism.oregonstate.edu, accessed 2026-10-08. Shown as published in the ZIP tables; this page does not show a zone map. Not the official USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (official map: planthardiness.ars.usda.gov).

Does the new zone change Seattle's frost dates?

No. Hardiness zones are based only on the average coldest winter temperature. They say nothing about when spring and fall frosts happen. Seattle's frost dates come from NOAA's 1991–2020 frost probabilities, which did not change with the 2023 zone map. Use your zone to pick perennials that will survive winter, and your frost dates to time planting.

Why do Seattle frost dates differ between websites?

You may see Mar 16 given as Seattle's last frost date. That's the 30%-risk date, meaning about 3 years in 10 still have a 32°F night after it. Our headline date is Mar 8, the 50% (median) date.

Mar 29 is the date we call 'safer': it's the 10%-risk date, with a 32°F night after it in only about 1 year in 10.

Apr 4 is the 50% date for a 36°F night (frost possible on plants), not a 32°F freeze. Sites that treat 36°F as the danger line show later dates.

The choice of weather station matters too. The 10 stations within 25 miles of the city center that pass our quality rules give typical (50%) last 32°F frost dates from Mar 2 to Apr 20; see the table below.

Dates you may have seen for Seattle, and what each one is
DateWhat it is (NOAA 1991–2020)
Mar 1632°F last frost, 30% risk (a 'balanced' date)
Apr 436°F last cold night, 50% (frost possible on plants)
Mar 2932°F last frost, 10% risk (the 'safer' date)
Feb 1128°F last hard freeze, 50%
Mar 232°F last frost, 50%, at Seattle Tacoma International Airport (nearest station with NOAA flag S)
Typical (50%) last 32°F night at stations within 25 mi that pass our quality rules
StationDistanceElevationTypical last frost
Seattle Tacoma International Airport12.2 mi S370 ftMar 2
Seattle Sand Point used here6.5 mi NE60 ftMar 8
Everett Snohomish Airport20.2 mi N606 ftMar 9
Seattle Boeing Field6.6 mi SSE20 ftMar 13
Renton Municipal Airport10.8 mi SE29 ftMar 13
Kent14.8 mi SSE30 ftMar 20
Bremerton15.8 mi WSW110 ftMar 29
Snoqualmie Falls24.6 mi ESE440 ftMar 30
Monroe22.8 mi NE120 ftApr 17
Landsburg24.8 mi SE535 ftApr 20

Which weather station is this based on?

Station
Seattle Sand Point (NOAA USW00094290, WBAN/ASOS-AWOS)
Distance
6.5 mi NE of the city center
Elevation
60 ft; city center 144 ft (USGS), difference −84 ft
Record
NOAA completeness flag S, 29 of 30 years (1991–2020)
Confidence
High (rule)

Confidence: High. At 6.5 miles from the city center and only 84 ft off in elevation, with frost statistics that meet our completeness rule (NOAA flag S, 29 of 30 years), this station is a close match.

Nearby NOAA stations with frost statistics that pass our rules (within 25 mi, elevation within 500 ft)
StationIDDistanceElev. (Δ)Last frost 50%First frost 50%Season 50%NOAA flag / years
Seattle Sand PointUSW000942906.5 mi NE60 ft (-84)Mar 8Nov 23259 dS / 29
Seattle Boeing FieldUSW000242346.6 mi SSE20 ft (-124)Mar 13Nov 17247 dR / 18
Renton Municipal AirportUSW0009424810.8 mi SE29 ft (-115)Mar 13Nov 16248 dR / 19
Seattle Tacoma International AirportUSW0002423312.2 mi S370 ft (+226)Mar 2Nov 23266 dS / 26
KentUSC0045416914.8 mi SSE30 ft (-114)Mar 20Nov 10233 dS / 28
BremertonUSC0045087215.8 mi WSW110 ft (-34)Mar 29Nov 14227 dR / 26
Everett Snohomish AirportUSW0002422220.2 mi N606 ft (+462)Mar 9Nov 17250 dR / 22
MonroeUSC0045552522.8 mi NE120 ft (-24)Apr 17Oct 23188 dR / 25
Snoqualmie FallsUSC0045777324.6 mi ESE440 ft (+296)Mar 30Nov 7223 dR / 18
LandsburgUSC0045448624.8 mi SE535 ft (+391)Apr 20Oct 25187 dR / 23
Other stations within 25 mi (not used)
  • none

22 other NOAA normals stations within 40 km (mostly rain gauges) have no frost statistics.

Seattle planting dates at a glance

Balanced dates use the 30%-risk last-frost date as the anchor. The Seattle planting calendar has typical and safe dates, fall planting and a month-by-month list for 26 vegetables.

Main planting step for each crop (2027 season)
CropStart indoorsPlant outdoors (balanced)Fall
Tomatoes Apr 22 – May 6 Jun 10 –
Peppers Feb 2–16 Mar 30 –
Potatoes – Mar 2–16 –
Onions (dry, from sets) – Feb 16 – Mar 2 –
Peas – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 5
Lettuce (leaf) – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 10
Carrots – Mar 2–16 sow by Aug 31
Beans (snap) – Mar 16 sow by Aug 27
Summer squash – Mar 16 sow by Sep 6
Broccoli Dec 29 – Jan 12 Feb 16 – Mar 2 transplant by Sep 5
Cabbage Dec 29 – Jan 12 Feb 16 – Mar 2 transplant by Aug 16
Cauliflower Jan 12–26 Mar 2–16 –
Kohlrabi – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 20
Green onions – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 10
Radishes – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Oct 10
Spinach – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 30
Turnips – Feb 16 – Mar 2 sow by Sep 20
Beets – Mar 2–16 sow by Sep 10
Swiss chard – Mar 2–16 sow by Sep 10
Parsnips – Mar 2–16 –
Sweet corn – Mar 16 –
Cucumbers – Mar 16 sow by Sep 1
Eggplant Jan 26 – Feb 16 Mar 30 –
Cantaloupe – Mar 30 –
Watermelon – Mar 30 –
Winter squash – Mar 30 –

When to plant tomatoes in Seattle · Fall planting dates for Seattle

Frost dates near Seattle

Nearest cities we cover (NOAA 1991–2020, typical 50% dates)
CityDistanceLast frostFirst frostSeasonZone 2023
Portland, OR frost dates145 miFeb 25Dec 1280 days8b–9a

All Washington cities

Frequently asked questions

What is the average last frost date in Seattle?

The typical (median, 50%) last 32°F night in Seattle is Mar 8, based on NOAA 1991–2020 normals at Seattle Sand Point. For a safer target, use Mar 29; after that, only about 1 year in 10 still has a freeze.

When is the first frost in Seattle?

The first 32°F night typically arrives by Nov 23. About 1 year in 10, it comes as early as Nov 4. A 36°F night (frost possible on plants) typically shows up around Nov 5.

What growing zone is Seattle, Washington? Is Seattle zone 8 or 9?

On the current 2023 USDA map, Seattle is in hardiness zone 9a, part of zone 9. Older references may still say 'zone 8' because most of the city was 8b on the 2012 map.

Is it too early to plant in Seattle?

Before Mar 8, yes, for anything frost-tender. Until then, the odds of another 32°F night are better than even. The risk falls from 50% to 10% between Mar 8 and Mar 29. Peas, lettuce and other cool-season crops can go in weeks earlier; the planting calendar has dates.

What temperature is a killing frost?

For tender crops like tomatoes, a light frost is a killing frost. CSU Extension calls 28–32°F a light frost and below 28°F a heavy frost. Our NOAA odds cover three thresholds: 36°F (frost possible on plants), 32°F (freeze, our headline) and 28°F (hard freeze).

Is first frost the same as first freeze?

Not quite. A 'freeze' means the air reached 32°F. 'Frost' is ice on surfaces, and it can form on calm, clear nights even when the air is a few degrees above freezing. So in Seattle, the first 36°F night (frost possible on plants) typically comes around Nov 5, before the first 32°F night (Nov 23).

Download & sources

Data: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (annual/seasonal and daily normals, station USW00094290); USDA Plant Hardiness Zone ZIP tables 2023 and 2012 by the PRISM Group, Oregon State University; Census 2020 ZIP/place relationship file; USGS elevation. Long-term odds, not a forecast. Figures and sentences are generated from these data by fixed rules; see the methodology. Last updated 2026-10-08.